2019

Simola, Jussi

This study discusses the problem of justification for gathering information in relation to a need to protect functioning social order and how intelligence collection methods fit to the proposed hybrid emergency response model. As smart technology evolves, critical infrastructure elements are closer to ordinary citizens so critical infrastructure is no longer an isolated fortress. As interaction increases, risks also increase. Physical risk factors and cyber risk factors are integrating into hybrid risks. There has been a worldwide debate about the use of data from people's Internet behaviour and the use of information collected from people's consumer behaviour. Social media services and location-based services have recently been in discussions about privacy issues. Privacy and citizens' security as a topic are set against each other. On the other hand, it has been seen that public protection disaster relief authorities and politicians need new tools to protect vital functions of the society.