1984

Kaarresalo, Anneli; Sneck, Tenho

Strength problems of ships in waves and in ice are discussed.These include a general approach to ship strength problems in open waters, determinations of continuous and transient wave loads and calculation of structural response.Special features of multihull vessels are presented, too. Basic principles of the determination of ice loads on ship hull and on propulsion machinery are presented as well as measurements of these loads.The updating of the new Finnish-Swedish ice class rules is described.An estimation of ice resistance on the basis of full-scale and model-scale tests as well as the progress in the development of a new FG model ice are presented.