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INSPIRE proposes pilot ecosystem field surveys that helps resolving the habitat requirements of different life-stages of the focal species by combined use of traditional methods and application of modern advanced analysis/modelling techniques, for example otolith microchemistry and biochemical techniques. The surveys are conducted in close collaboration with local fishers. Their inclusion will strengthen then participatory spirit in the implementation of INSPRE results into ecosystem- based fisheries management, and improve the data collection. INSPIRE research is conducted in a matrix approach with four species specific case (cod, herring, sprat and flounder) and five research work-packages. The work packages deal with (i) habitat requirements and survival probability for different life stages, (ii) connectivity between habitat occupied in successive life stages, (iii) spatial scaling from local events to regional population dynamics, (iv) spatially explicit analytical stock assessments (including a comprehensive flatfish programme), and (v) ecosystem-based management and Marine Strategy Framework Directive indicators. Moving beyond existing knowledge, INSPIRE will for the major Baltic fish species take the leap from homogeneous to heterogeneous population dynamics, by accounting for spatial heterogeneity in population models and ecosystem-based fisheries management. Spatial heterogeneity, defined as changes in the abundance of fish over space, which are not explainable by simple random (Poissonian) variability, can have different causes. The overall approach of INSPIRE is mechanistic in the sense that we aim to understand these causes and the underlying processes generating spatial heterogeneity, but also estimate its magnitude. INSPIRE will generate new data and operational models that allow making projections on spatial distributions of Baltic key commercial fish species on different spatial and temporal scales, and their integration in analytical assessments and ecosystem-based fisheries management. Moreover, as the main providers of management advice on Baltic fish stocks, INSPIRE partners are also able to translate these model outputs into urgently needed advice on how best to move beyond spatially homogeneous approach of current fishery and ecosystem assessments, and adopt spatially explicit ecosystem-oriented management. The INSPIRE project is thus addressing major research objectives set forth by the revised Common Fisheries Policy, the Marine Strategy Directive (2008/56/EC), the EU Marine and Maritime Research Strategy, the HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan, and the BONUS research agenda.