Chemical pesticides harm the environment and human health, creating an urgent need for safer alternatives. Here, we develop plant-based pesticides (biopesticides) that target insects while being safe for humans and other animals. We investigate how biopesticides work at the molecular level by studying their interactions with insect cell membranes. Insect membranes differ from mammalian membranes in their composition, which we exploit to create pest-specific solutions. Experiments measure how biopesticides affect pest membranes and test their effectiveness. Computer simulations reveal detailed molecular interactions, while machine learning predicts the biopesticides that will work best before laboratory testing. This interdisciplinary approach identifies the most promising biopesticides. The results support sustainable agriculture by providing environmentally friendly pest control alternatives that protect crops, reduce chemical pollution, and safeguard biodiversity.

2026

2030